| CASE | RELATIVE WORD | USE IT FOR | SIMPLE RULE | EXAMPLES (A2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PERSON | WHO | people | Person + who + verb | He’s the boy who rides his bike. / She’s a teacher who speaks English. |
| PLACE | WHERE | places | Place + where + subject + verb | This is the park where we play. / That’s the café where my dad works. |
| THING / ANIMAL | WHICH | things / animals | Thing + which + verb | I like the book which has pictures. / That’s the dog which barks at night. |
| THING / ANIMAL | THAT | things / animals (also people) | Thing + that + verb | This is the game that we play on Fridays. / I have a phone that takes good photos. |
| PERSON (easy alternative) | THAT | people (informal) | Person + that + verb | She’s the girl that sits next to me. / He’s the man that drives the bus. |
| CHOOSING THE WORD | WHO / WHERE / WHICH / THAT | quick choice | WHO = person, WHERE = place, WHICH/THAT = thing | a doctor who helps people / a room where we study / a bag which/that is heavy |
Mini Practice (Join the sentences)
Write one sentence using who / where / which / that.
- Tom is my cousin. He plays the drums.
- This is the café. We meet there after school.
- I have a jacket. It keeps me warm.
- That’s the dog. It loves water.
- Sara is the girl in my class. She always shares her pens.
- This is the computer. It works very slowly.
Stormy Morning Stories
Paragraph 1 — The supermarket lady
Marta works in a supermarket. She is the woman who prepares the fish for customers. At 8:00, she was smiling and singing, and the shop smelled like lemons. Then a strong storm arrived. The lights went off, and Marta’s fish started to “slide” on the wet floor. She shouted, “My fish are surfing!”
Comprehension (2)
- What job does Marta do in the supermarket?
- What funny thing happened to the fish?
Join the sentences (2)
a) Marta works in a supermarket. She prepares the fish for customers.
b) The supermarket is near the sea. Marta works there.
Paragraph 2 — The bus stop problem
Outside, Amir was waiting at the bus stop which is next to the supermarket. Amir is the boy who always arrives early, even on Mondays. At 8:00 the wind pushed his umbrella inside out, and it looked like a giant black flower. The bus came, but it couldn’t stop because a big puddle was covering the road.
Comprehension (2)
- Where is the bus stop?
- Why couldn’t the bus stop?
Join the sentences (2)
a) Amir always arrives early. He waits at the bus stop.
b) The umbrella turned inside out. Amir was holding it.
Paragraph 3 — The school chaos
At the school where the children usually play football, everyone was arriving at the same time. Mr. Ruiz is the teacher who carries too many books. While he was running to the gate, the wind stole his papers and threw them into the air like white birds. The children who saw it started chasing the papers and laughing.
Comprehension (2)
- What did the wind steal from Mr. Ruiz?
- What did the children do?
Join the sentences (2)
a) Mr. Ruiz is a teacher. He carries too many books.
b) The school has a big gate. The children arrived there.
Paragraph 4 — The office worker’s “boat”
In the office building which is opposite the school, Lucía was trying to get to work. Lucía is the woman who sells phones and talks very fast. The storm lasted only a short time, but the street became a little river. A delivery box that was floating past looked like a tiny boat, so Lucía put her shoe inside it and said, “Look! My shoe is going to work before me!”
Comprehension (2)
- What does Lucía sell?
- What did Lucía put in the floating box?
Join the sentences (2)
a) Lucía sells phones. She talks very fast.
b) A delivery box was floating past. It looked like a tiny boat.
Paragraph 5 — Happy ending at 8:20
At 8:20, the storm stopped as suddenly as it started. The sun came out, and the town looked clean and shiny. People who were late helped each other: Marta gave Amir a towel, Amir shared his spare socks, and Mr. Ruiz found all his papers. The head teacher who saw the mess said, “Today, lessons start with a game!” Everyone laughed, and the morning ended happily.
Comprehension (2)
- What time did the storm stop?
- What did the head teacher decide to do first?
Join the sentences (2)
a) The head teacher saw the mess. She started the day with a game.
b) People were late. They helped each other.
Lingua-Franca 